What is decreased bone density?
Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia or osteoporosis, is a medical condition characterized by porous and brittle bones that are more susceptible to fractures. This occurs when the body removes more bone tissue than it replaces over time.
Some key points about decreased bone density:
- It is often caused by hormonal changes, aging, genetics, poor diet, physical inactivity, certain medications, and diseases affecting bone formation
- Women are at a higher risk due to menopause and declining estrogen levels
- Major symptoms include back pain, loss of height, stooped posture, and frequent bone fractures
- It can be diagnosed through a bone mineral density (BMD) test, which measures bone thickness and strength
- Treatments focus on slowing and preventing further bone loss through lifestyle changes, supplements, and possibly prescription medicines
To maintain strong, healthy bones and avoid decreased bone density:
- Consume calcium and vitamin D rich foods like dairy, greens, fatty fish
- Perform weight-bearing and muscle-strengthening exercises
- Avoid smoking, excess alcohol, salty foods
- Have regular BMD tests done if at risk